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| Термин/Аббревиатура | Определение/Расшифровка аббревиатуры | TOGA | Takeoff/Go Around |
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| Термин/Аббревиатура | Определение/Расшифровка аббревиатуры | liaison aircraft | A type of light military aircraft made popular during World War II because of its ability to land and takeoff from unimproved terrain. Liaison aircraft have been replaced by helicopters. | area of operation | A phase of the practical test within the Practical Test Standards (PTS). | Lissajous figures | Figures formed on the screen of a cathode-ray oscilloscope that show the relationship between the frequency of sine wave signals being applied to the horizontal and vertical inputs. If the frequency and phase of the two sine wave signals are the same, the Lissajous figure will be in the shape of a circle. If the frequency of the sine wave signal applied to the vertical input is two times that of the signal applied to the horizontal plates, the Lissajous figure will be shaped like a figure eight (8). | continuous-duty solenoid | A solenoid-type switch designed to be kept energized by current flowing through its coil for an indefinite period of time. The battery contactor in an aircraft electrical system is a continuous-duty solenoid. Current flows through its coil all of the time the battery is connected to the electrical system. | overcompounded motor (electric motor) | A compound-wound motor (a motor having both a series and a shunt field) in which the series field has the greater effect on the motor characteristics. The shunt, or parallel, field attempts to hold the speed of the motor constant as the load changes, but the series field causes the motor to speed up as the load increases. | chemical compound | A combination of two or more atoms of chemical elements which have joined together to form molecules. A compound is different from a mixture in that the elements in a compound unite in specific amounts to form a substance different from any of the original elements. In a mixture, the elements keep their identity. | samarium | A pale gray, rare-earth, metallic chemical element. Samarium’s symbol is Sm, its atomic number is 62, and its atomic weight is 150.35. Samarium is used in laser technology and as an ingredient in infrared-absorbing glass. | lifting condensation level (meteorology) | The level at which a parcel of unsaturated air lifted dry-adiabatically becomes saturated. | skids-on-floats (helicopter float design) | A type of helicopter float design where the rigid portion of the landing gear rests on the floats. The floats support the whole weight of the helicopter in water or on hard surfaces. | free wheeling unit (helicopter component) | A component part of the transmission or power train of a helicopter which automatically disconnects the main rotor from the engine when the engine stops or slows below the equivalent RPM of the rotor. | CAVU | Ceiling and Visibility Unlimited | movable slat | A movable auxiliary airfoil on the leading edge of a wing. It is closed in normal flight but extends at high angles of attack. This allows air to continue flowing over the top of the wing and delays airflow separation. | substandard | The quality of an object that is less than can be considered normal or acceptable. | NRP | National Route Program | DS | Directionally Solidified | low-pressure compressor (gas turbine engine component) | The first-stage compressor in a dual-spool gas turbine engine. The low-pressure compressor is called the N1 compressor and its speed is not governed. It seeks its own best speed as the atmospheric conditions change so it can furnish the optimum mass of air to the inlet of the second-stage compressor. | kilovolt (kV) (electrical measurement) | Electrical pressure equivalent to 1,000 volts. | kiting | Taxiing a powered parachute on the ground with the wing inflated and overhead. | AWG (American Wire Gage) | The standard used for measuring the diameter of round wires and the thickness of certain nonferrous metal sheets. The American Wire Gage is also known as the Brown and Sharpe Gage. | aeronautical chart | A map used in air navigation containing all or part of the following: topographic features, hazards and obstructions, navigation aids, navigation routes, designated airspace, and airports. | split-field motor | A reversible DC electric motor that has two separate field windings; one for clockwise rotation and the other for counterclock-wise rotation. | K-monel | An alloy of nickel, copper, and aluminum. K-monel is nonmagnetic, heat-treatable, corrosion resistant, and has high strength. | smaze (atmospheric condition) | A combination of smoke and haze similar to smog (smoke and fog), except it does not contain as much moisture. Smaze is generally found in heavily industrialized areas. | Greenwich mean time | Mean solar time at the 0° meridian, the meridian of longitude that passes through the Royal Observatory in London, England. Greenwich mean time (GMT) is also known as Zulu time and Universal time. | CTM | Centrifugal Twisting Moment | pulse (electrical energy) | A sudden change in voltage in an electrical circuit, lasting only a short period of time. A pulse can be either an increase or decrease in the voltage, and can be used as a bit of information transmitted in the circuit. | heading indicator | A gyroscopic flight instrument that gives the pilot an indication of the heading of the aircraft. | CHDO | An FAA Flight Standards certificate holding district office. | EPU | Emergency Power Unit | B-check | See maintenance checks. | electron current | The movement of electrons through a circuit from the negative terminal of the power source to its positive terminal. | fuselage station (location in an aircraft structure) | The location along the longitudinal axis of an aircraft that is a given number of inches ahead of or behind the datum, or reference plane. | bond ply (composites) | The ply of fabric that comes in contact with the honeycomb core in a repair. | sinusoidal curve | See sine wave. | dwell time (penetrant inspection) | The length of time a penetrant is allowed to remain on the surface of a part being inspected. The dwell time is determined by the temperature of the part and the size of the suspected defect. | angel (radar meteorology) | An echo caused by a physical phenomenon that is not necessarily discernible to the eye. Angels may be observed when abnormally strong temperature and/or moisture gradients exist, and they are sometimes attributed to insects or birds flying in the radar beam. | manganese | A silvery, brittle, metallic chemical element. Manganese’s symbol is Mn, its atomic number is 25, and its atomic weight is 54.938. Manganese is used as an alloy for steel to increase its strength, hardness, and wear resistance. | periodic vibration | A vibration having a regularly recurring waveform. Vibrations in the form of sine waves, square waves, or sawtooth waves are examples of periodic vibrations. | zero gravity | A condition in which the effect of gravity is cancelled or nullified by the force of inertia. Zero gravity is felt in a high-performance aircraft when it is flying in a parabolic, or curved, flight path, and in a satellite when it is orbiting the earth. | soak (metal heat treatment) | The procedure in which metal being heat-treated is held in an oven at an elevated temperature until it is heated uniformly throughout. | GS | Glide Slope | blending (turbine engine maintenance) | A method of repairing damaged compressor and turbine blades. The damage is removed and the area is cleaned out with a fine file to form a shallow depression with generous radii. The file marks are then removed with a fine abrasive stone so the surface of the repaired area will match the surface of the rest of the blade. | grid dip meter (electrical measuring instrument) | An electronic instrument used to find the resonant frequency of an inductive-capacitive (LC) tuned circuit. The grid dip meter contains a variable-frequency oscillator and an indicating instrument. The probe of the grid dip meter is held near the circuit being examined, and the oscillator is tuned until the meter dips. The frequency produced by the oscillator when the meter dips is the resonant frequency of the circuit. | ream (metalworking process) | To enlarge a hole and smooth its sides. If a hole in a piece of metal is to be fitted with a close-tolerance part, it is usually drilled slightly undersize and cut to the correct diameter with a reamer. | vacuum | A space in which nothing exists, a completely empty space. For practical purposes, a vacuum is considered to be a negative pressure, or a pressure less than that of the surrounding atmosphere. | normalizing (turbonormalizing) | A turbocharger that maintains sea-level pressure in the induction manifold at altitude. | feedthrough capacitor | A capacitor used to carry a conductor through a panel or bulkhead. The outer conductor of the capacitor is connected to the case, and the inner conductor is connected to terminals that extend from both ends of the capacitor. Feedthrough capacitors used in some aircraft magnetos minimize breaker point arcing and also decrease the radio interference caused by electrical energy radiated from the ignition switch lead. | vapor separator (fuel metering system component) | The component in a pressure carburetor or fuel injection system that picks up vapors as they are released from the fuel and return them with some fuel to one of the main fuel tanks. | compressor (gas turbine engine component) | The section of the gas turbine engine whose components increase the pressure of the air flowing through it. | hot-wire cutter | A cutter used to shape blocks of Styrofoam. The wire is stretched tight between the arms of a frame and heated by electrical current. The hot wire melts its way through the foam. |
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